CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No.4534 of 1984.
From the Order No. C-496 dated 23.7. 1984 of the Customs, Excise and Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal, New Delhi in Appeal No.1117 of 1980---(C).
Harish N. Salve, Ravinder Narain, P.K. Ram and D.N. Mishra for the Appellant.
Govind Das, Mrs. Sushma Suri and R.P. Srivastava for the Respondents. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by RANGANATH MISRA, J. This appeal under Section 35-L of the
Central Excise and Salt Act, 1944 (hereafter referred to as the ’Act ) is directed against the Appellate order of the Customs, Excise and Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal. The appellant buys white paper from the market on which duty has already been paid and manufactures flock paper out of it. According to the appellant it is registered as a Small Scale Industry with the Directorate of Industry, Government of Maharashtra and employs nine workers in all. The process of conversion of paper into flock paper is said to be as follow:-
"Solution of P.V.A. Emulsion thickened with
c.m.c. and coloured with dyes is applied on
one side of paper manually with the help of
hand-made screen; then flock is sprinkled by
hand with the help of man-made sheeves. There-
after paper is put on dryers for drying and
finally when the paper is dried extra flock is
removed manually by tapping with fingers and
the paper becomes ready."
The appellant had made it clear to the Assistant Collector that it had no coating or laminating machine and the process was essentially manual. It claimed the benefit of Notification No. 68/76-CE issued by the Central Government. The Assistant Collector issued a show cause notice and rejected the claim of the appellant after cause was shown and by order dated 27th of July 1979, held that the appellant should take out the requisite excise licence and start paying central excise duty on flock paper under Tariff Item No. 17(2) of the Central Excise Tariff. He also directed the appellant to pay the duty for a period of five years preceding the date of issue of the show cause notice. A small penalty was also imposed. The appellant carried an appeal to the Appellate Collector against the aforesaid order who by his order dated 4th of October. 1979, held:-
"At the time of hearing they (appellants)
produced a piece of flock paper manufactured
by them, and submitted that if this flock
paper was put into the glass of water, the
flocking material would disappear and thereaf-
ter it would be seen that the paper which has
been used for this purpose is only printed
with the colour on one side. The experiment
was performed in my office and it was seen
that the paper was printed with colour on one
side and the other side remained as it is
after the flock material has been fixed to it.
The appellants submitted that their appeal may
be decided without a personal hearing as any
delay in personal hearing would cause them a
great hardship and that they
being a small scale manufacturer their activi-
ties have come to virtual halt because of this
order of the Assistant Collector.
I have gone through the appeal petition and I
find that the Assistant Collector has agreed
that one side of the paper is coloured by
printing with colour, but since the flocking
material had been stuck to this paper, the
Assistant Collector has held it to be flock
paper and demanded the duty on it. The wording
of the Notification No. 68/76 as amended under
Sr. No. 3A(ii) clearly show that as long as
the one side of the paper has been printed
with the colour whatever other process is
undertaken of further polishing or glazing
etc. is immaterial. In this case the first
operation is that of printing one side of the
paper with colour which has been established
beyond doubt by the appellants. What further
process is done on this paper is immaterial as
glazing and embossing etc. have been allowed
under this notification to be done to the
coloured side of the paper. In view of this,
the order of the Assistant Collector is set
aside so far as the classification of this
material is concerned ..... "
On 5.9.1980, a show cause notice purport-
ing to be under Section 36(2) of the Act was
issued by the Central Government to the appel-
lant which inter alia stated:
"On examination of the records of the case the
Central Government are tentatively of the view
that the order of the Appellate Collector is
not proper, legal and correct. The process of
manufacture of flocked proper cannot prima
facie be considered to be equivalent to print-
ing of colour inasmuch as use of ink appears
to be inevitably linked up with a printing
process as understood and no ink was used in
the particular process. Hence it would appear
that the flocked paper manufactured by the
assessee would be perhaps not eligible for the
benefit of notification No. 68/76."
"The Central Government, therefore, in exer-
cise of the powers vested in them under sec-
tion 36(2) of the Central Excise and Salt Act,
1944, propose to set aside the order of the
Appellate Collector of Central Excise, Bombay,
or to pass such order as is deemed fit after
consideration of the submissions of the asses-
The appellant showed cause and with the change in the scheme of the Act, the matter came before the Tribunal for disposal. Before the Tribunal, on behalf of the appellant, two contentions were raised: firstly, the Collector was right in holding that the benefit of the Central Government Notification was available to the appellant and secondly the proceeding was barred by limitation. The Tribunal found, with reference to the opinion indicated in the show cause notice, as follows:
"The Government of India was wrong to speak of
ink as inevitably linked up with a printing
process. This is only the character printing
or word printing. But printing is not only
word printing; it extends to numerous other
processes whereby a surface is coated or
coloured or is given an imprint, to represent,
reproduce, cover, decorate etc. etc. and it is
not just ink that is used for printing."
It further found that the Appellate Collector was wrong in holding that the appellant was entitled to the benefit of the notification in question and concluded that there was no colour printing; it did not deal with the question of limitation and set aside the Appellate order.
Both the aspects raised before the Tribunal are reiterated before us in this appeal, namely,--
(1) The Appellate Collector was right and the Tribunal is wrong in holding that the appellant was not entitled to the benefit of the notification; and
(2) The show cause notice was issued after the expiry of the period of limitation and, therefore, the Tribunal had no jurisdiction to reverse the order of the Collector.
The Notification No. 68/76 dated 16.3. 1976, as far as relevant. reads thus: Table Sl. No. Description Rate of Duty Condition
4. Following varieties of paper, namely:-(ii) Converted types of Nil If it is proved to the
paper commonly known satisfaction of proper
as imitation flint officer that the app-
paper or leatherette ropriate duty of
paper or plastic coated excise or additional
paper, or by any other duty leviable under
name, obtained by one section 2A of the
side of paper being subjec- Indian Tariff Act,
ted to printing of colour, 1934 (32 of 1934), as
with or without design, the case may be, has
irrespective of the fact already been paid in
whether or not such paper respect of the paper
is subsequently varnished used in their manu-
or glazed by chemicals or facture.
embossed, and falling
under sub-item (2) of the
aforesaid Item No. 17.
(underlining by us) The appellant has throughout claimed that it buys duty paid paper from the market and subjects one side thereof to colour printing without design and while so printing adhesive material is added to hold the spread of flocking done by hand. The extra flocking material is removed manually and the paper is ready. The notification is in wide terms; paper by any name is intended to be covered by it. After the process referred to is undertaken, irrespective of the fact whether or not such paper is subsequently treated in the manner indicated therein, the benefit appears to have been intended to be made available. The purpose of the notification is that the paper which would have otherwise fallen under Item 17(2) of Excise Tariff would, if covered by the notification, becomes exempt from duty. In an affidavit filed in this Court, the respondent-department has stated:-
"It is further submitted that the
product does not merit classification as a
paper ’obtained by one side of paper subjected
to printing of colour’ under notification No.
68/76-CE. It is also submitted that in the
manufacture
of flocked paper the process of application of
adhesive, coloured or otherwise to the surface
of the base paper through a silk screen is
printing of adhesive only and not one of
imparting colour. The paper obtained immedi-
ately after printing with adhesive coloured or
otherwise is not a finished product itself as
in the case of papers envisaged in the notifi-
cation."
The learned counsel for the appellant produced a sheet of flocked paper in court during hearing of the appeal. We carried the experiment as indicated in the order of the Appellate Collector and found that the adhesive and flocking material got washed out and what remained was the base paper coloured on one side and white on the other. This is exactly what the Appellate Collector had found.
The Tribunal rightly indicated that printing did not require ink and many other processes would also be covered by the term printing. The appellant has been pleading from the very beginning that the process carried on by it consists of a colour printing on one side of the paper. The Tribunal has recorded a finding that the appellant’s process is to paste one side of the paper with adhesive material. Whether adhesive material is mixed to colour or colour is mixed with adhesive does not make any difference so long as a process of screen printing is carried on to colour the paper on one side. The counter-affidavit of the respondents in this Court accepts the position that there is screen printing and that has been the case of the appellant.
The words used in the notification make it clear that irrespective of the fact whether or not such paper is subsequently varnished or glazed by chemicals or embossed would be entitled to the benefit of the notification. The word ’subsequently’ makes it clear that the process need not be simultaneous. The Tribunal failed to notice this aspect.
We are of the view that the process carried on by the appellant is covered by the notification and it is, therefore, not liable to pay any duty. We set aside the finding of the Tribunal and restore that of the Appellate Collector. The appeal is allowed. There would be no order for costs. P.S.S. Appeal allowed.