Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.
1.Directions have been given from time to time to see that the ugly scar
of ragging is obliterated from the face of educational institutions. Mr. Gopal
Subramaniam, learned amicus curiae, Mr. P.P. Rao, Mr. Altaf Ahmed and
others appearing in the matters have given suggestions which we have
considered. Keeping in mind the recent incidents of ragging which have
surfaced, and which have been dealt with by this Court, it becomes
necessary that the following recommendations made by the Raghavan
Committee be implemented immediately, namely:
(i) Recommendation No. 5.14: "We also recommend that every
institution should engage or seek the assistance of professional
counselors at the time of admissions to counsel `freshers' in
order to prepare them for the life ahead, particularly for
adjusting to the life in hostels...";
(ii) Recommendation No. 5.16: "We recommend that on the
arrival of senior students after the first week or after the second
week as the case may be, further orientation programmes must
be scheduled as follows (i) joint sensitization programme and
counseling of both 'freshers' and senior by a Professional
counselor; (ii) joint orientation programme of 'freshers' and
seniors to be addressed by the principal/Head of the institution,
and the anti -ragging committee ; (iii) organization on a large
scale of cultural, sports and other activities to provide a
platform for the 'freshers' and seniors to interact in the presence
of faculty members ; (iv) in the hostel, the warden should
address all students; may request two junior colleagues from the
college faculty to assist the warden by becoming resident tutors
for a temporary duration; and , the UGC and other funding
bodies should provide financial grants for meeting the
expenditure on resident tutors (v) it is strongly recommended
that as far as possible faculty members should dine with the
hostel residents in their respective hostels to instill a feeling of
confidence among the fresh residents.";
(iii) Recommendation No.5.18: “We recommend that every
institution must have an Anti-Ragging Committee and an Anti -
Ragging Squad. It is essential to have a diverse mix of
membership in terms of levels as well as gender in both the
Anti - Ragging Squad as well as the Anti - Ragging Committee.
The Anti - Ragging Committee at the level of the institution
should consist of the representatives of civil and police
administration, local media, Non Government Organizations
involved in youth activities, representatives of faculty members,
representatives of parents, representatives of students belonging
to the freshers' category as well as seniors, non - teaching staff
and should be headed by the Head of the Institution. The Anti -
Ragging Squad, in contrast, should be a body with vigil,
oversight and patrolling functions and should appropriately by a
smaller body which should be nominated by the Head of the
Institution with such representation as considered necessary to
keep it mobile, alert and active at all time. The Squad may be
called upon to make surprise raids on hostels and other hot
sports and should be empowered to inspect places of potential
ragging. . The Squad should work under the overall guidance of
Anti- Ragging Committee. The Squad should not have any
outside representation and should only consist of members
belonging to the various sections of the campus community."
(iv) Recommendation No. 5.28: "At the level of the District, we
recommend a District level Anti - Ragging Committee, which
should consist of the Heads of Higher Education Institutions as
members. It should be headed by the District Collector / Deputy
Commissioner / District Magistrate and should also have the
Superintendent of Police / SSP of the District as member. The
Additional District Magistrate should be a member - secretary
of the Committee, which should also have representation of the
local media and district level Non Government Organizations
actively associated in youth development programmes, as well
as representations of all student organizations. The District
level Committee should hold preparatory meetings during the
summer vacation meetings to take stock of the state of
preparedness of each institution and their compliance with the
policies and directions or guidelines of the appropriate bodies,
the university/State/ Central authorities; and this Court's
guidelines in regard to curbing the menace of ragging. We have
already emphasized on the need for publicity campaigns,
summer months may be appropriate to launch such campaigns.
Some of the role expectations from the District level
Committees have already been mentioned in the preceding
paragraphs dealing with activities at the level of Schools as well
as higher education institutions and therefore are not being
repeated."
(v) Recommendation No. 5.29: "We have thought through the
suggestion that the District level Committee, should function as
some sort of an appellate forum to the action taken by the
institution level Anti - Ragging Committee. We feel that this is
neither necessary nor desirable. It is not necessary in the
context of the recommendation that we propose to make in
respect of, the scheme of penalty later in this Chapter. It is not
desirable from the point of view that such a mechanism lends
an extra – campus dimension to the tackling of intra-campus
disciplinary matter. All matters of discipline within teaching
institutions, in our opinion, must be resolved within the campus
- except those impinging on law and order or breach of peace or
public tranquility, all of which should be dealt with under the
penal laws of the land; fortifying of which is being suggested
by us later on."
(vi) Recommendation No. 5.30: "At the level of the University,
we recommend that there should be a Monitoring Cell on
Ragging, which should coordinate with the affiliated colleges
and institutions under its domain. The Cell should call for
reports from the Heads of institutions in regard to the activities
of the Anti-Ragging Committee, Anti - Ragging Squads,
Monitoring Cells at the level of the institution, the compliance
with instructions on conducting orientation programmes,
counseling sessions, the incidents of ragging, the problems
faced by wardens or other officials. It should also keep itself
abreast of the decisions of the District level Anti - Ragging
Committee. This Monitoring Cell should also review the
efforts made by institutions o publicize anti - ragging measures,
soliciting of undertaking from parents and students each year to
abstain from ragging activities or willingness to be penalized
for violations; and should function as the prime mover for
initiating action on the part of the appropriate authorities of the
university for amending the Statutes or Ordinances or Bye -
laws to facilitate the implementation of anti-ragging measures
at the level of the institution."
(vii) Recommendation No. 5.31: "At the State level, we
recommend that there should be a Monitoring Cell at the level
of the Chancellor of the State Universities, who may also
coordinate with those of the Central Government institutions
located in the State in which the Governor has a defined role
under the relevant law. Governors, in their capacity as
Chancellors of State Universities, can leverage the influence of
their office to ensure that the State Government as well as the
university authorities are suitably instructed to be alert in regard
to ragging. The involvement of Governors would also ensure
that the autonomy of institutions of higher learning is not
compromised. In addition, Governors of States are associated
with Central Universities in their role as Chief Rector
/Chancellor etc. and can oversee the function of coordination
where required vis-a- vis the office of the President of India in
his capacity as the Visitor of the Central Universities and also
the Central Government in the Ministry of Human Resource
Development. The State level Monitoring Cell should receive
periodically, and at such frequencies that it may law down,
status reports from the University level Monitoring Cells and
Districts level Anti - Ragging Committees."
(viii) Recommendation No. 5.22:. "We recommend that in the,
light of the increasing number of private commercially
managed, lodges or hostels outside campuses, such hostels and
management must be registered with the local police authorities
and permission to start such hostels or register them must
necessarily be recommended by the Heads of educational
institutions. It should be mandatory for both local police, local
administration as well the institutional authorities to ensure
vigil on incidents that may come within the definition of
ragging. Managements of such private hostels should be
responsible for non-reporting of cases of ragging in such
premises. Local authorities as well as the institutional
authorities should be responsible for action in the event of
ragging in such premises, just as they would be for incidents
within campuses. The Committee also recommends that besides
registering private hostels as stated above, the towns or cities
where educational institutions are located should be
apportioned as sectors among faculty members, as is being
done by some institutions, so that they could maintain vigil and
report any incidents of ragging outside campuses and en route
while 'freshers' commute."
(ix) Recommendation No. 5.27: "Wardens must be accessible at
all hours and therefore it is important that they, be available on
telephone and other modes of communication - therefore, we
recommend that wardens must be issued mobile phones by the
institutions and the details of their telephone number must be
widely publicized. Similarly, the telephone numbers of the
other important functionaries - Heads of institutions, faculty
members, members of the anti-ragging committees, district and
sub-divisional authorities and state authorities where relevant,
should also be widely disseminated for the needy to get in touch
or seek help in emergencies. The Committee recommends that
brochures or booklet/leaflet distributed to each student at the
beginning of each academic session for obtaining undertaking
not to indulge or abet ragging, shall contain the blueprint of
prevention and methods of redress."
The educational institutions shall ensure that each hostel
should have a full-time warden who resides within the hostel, or
at the very least, in the close vicinity thereof. State of Himachal
Pradesh has submitted that the creation of a separate cadre for
warden would not be beneficial for this purpose. But it is
desirable that institutions should provide necessary incentives
for the post of full-time warden, so as to attract suitable
candidates. It has been pointed out that UGC, in its Draft
Regulations on Curbing the Menace of Ragging; has also
provided accordingly.
(x) Recommendation No. 5.43: "The committee recommends
that at the national level, the UGC should fund, a toll - free
Helpline which could be accessed by students in distress owing
to ragging related incidents. The Ministry of Communication
and Information Technology should facilitate the establishment,
infrastructure and operation of the proposed Helpline. Any
distress message should be simultaneously relayed to the Head
of the Institution, warden or officer of the Hostels, District
authorities including the Superintendent of Police, and should
be web-linked so as to be in the public domain simultaneously
for the media and citizens to access it. A genuine message of
distress from the victim of ragging should make it obligatory
for the Head of the institution and civil authorities to initiate
action on the lines already suggested by us."
2.Learned amicus curiae has submitted that the Ministry of Human. Resource Development, Government of India, in consultation with UGC, MCI, AICTE and other similar regulatory bodies is in the process of setting up a central crisis-hotline and anti-ragging database in the manner suggested by Dr. Rajendra Kachroo to the Raghavan Committee and the UGC. The task of monitoring the database be given to a nongovernmental agency, to be immediately nominated by the Union of India to build confidence in the public and also to provide information of non compliance to the regulatory bodies and to the Raghavan Committee. The database shall be created out of affidavits affirmed by each student and his/her parents/guardians, which affidavits shall be stored electronically, and shall contain the details of each student. The database shall also function as a record of ragging complaints received, and the status of the action taken thereon;
3.The Draft Regulations on Curbing the Menace of Ragging, formulated by the UGC, should be implemented with the urgency it deserves and to be adopted by .all other regulatory bodies, such as AICTE, MCI, DCI, NCI etc.;
4.The recent incident involving the death of Aman Kachroo clearly indicates that the formulation of guidelines and regulations is not sufficient. Such regulations shall have to be enforced strictly, and penal consequences for the heads of the institutions/administration of the institution who do not take timely steps in the prevention of ragging and punishing those who rag. In addition to penal consequences, departmental enquiries be initiated against such heads institutions / members of the administration / faculty members / non-teaching staff, who display an apathetic or insensitive attitude towards complaints of ragging;
5.Not only the students, but also the faculty who must be sensitized towards the ills of ragging, and the prevention thereof. Non-teaching staff, which includes administrative staff, contract employees, security guards etc., have also to be regularly sensitized towards the evils and consequences of ragging;
6.The Principal or Head of the Institution/Department shall obtain an undertaking from every employee of the institution including teaching and non-teaching members of staff, contract labour employed in the premises either for running canteen or as watch and ward staff or for cleaning or maintenance of the buildings/lawns etc. that he/she would report promptly any case of ragging which comes to his/her notice. A provision shall be made in the service rules for issuing certificates of appreciation to such members of the staff who report ragging which will form port of their service record;
7.It is seen, that college canteens and hostel messes are also places where ragging often takes place. The employers/employees of the canteens/mess shall be given necessary instructions to keep strict vigil and to report the incidents of ragging to the college authorities if any;
8.Each batch of freshers should be divided into small groups and each such group shall be assigned to a member of the staff. Such staff member should interact individually with, each member of the group on a daily basis for ascertaining the problems/difficulties if any faced by the fresher in the institution and extending necessary help. By building up rapport with each member of the group teachers or other members of the staff would be able to infuse confidence in the freshers and make them feel at home so as to enable them to report incidents of ragging or bullying. Each group in-charge shall maintain a diary of his/her interaction with the freshers under his/her charge;
9.In the case of freshers admitted to a hostel it shall be the responsibility of the teacher in charge of the group to coordinate with the warden of the hostel and to make surprise visits to the rooms in the hostel where the members of the group are lodged;
10.Freshers shall be lodged in a separate hostel block, wherever possible, and where such facilities are not available, the college/institution shall ensure that seniors' access to freshers' accommodation is strictly monitored by wardens, security guards and college staff;
11.A ragging takes place mostly in the hostels after the classes are over in the college. A round the clock vigil against ragging in the hostel premises shall be provided;
12.It is necessary that parents/guardians of freshers assume responsibility for promptly bringing to the notice of the Head of the Institution any instance of ragging;
13.Chancellor of the Himachal Pradesh University in consultation with the Raghavan Committee shall as a part time measure appoint a Committee to oversee the implementation of directions given in this order.
14.Keeping in mind the seemingly violent history of RPGMC, a detachment of police be posted on the RPGMC campus till such time the Committee is satisfied of the maintenance of discipline on campus.
15.Departmental proceedings shall be initiated against the erstwhile principal of RPGMC, Dr. Suresh Sankhyan to ascertain his role in exacerbating ragging on campus, as well as his suitability as a faculty member and administrator. State of Himachal Pradesh, in its affidavit, has stated that such proceedings have been commenced against Dr. Sankhyan, and that a charge.-sheet is expected to be issued to him presently;
16.The SHO/SP, within whose jurisdiction a particular college falls, shall be responsible for ensuring that no ragging takes place on the campus of the concerned college, and to effectively deal with incidents of ragging, should, any such incidents take place. Once a central database/crisis hotline is made operative then as soon as SHO/SP, within whose jurisdiction a particular college falls, is contacted by the crisis hotline staff, then such SHO/SP shall deal effectively with the incident and cooperate and communicate with the crisis hotline staff and/or the independent monitoring agency. This will build confidence and encourage people to report incidences of ragging without fear or delay;
17.Dr. Rajendra Kachroo; Dr. S. S. Shilwant, Asst. Professor of Law, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, shall assist Raghavan Committee, to provide a linkage between the Committee's efforts, and the nongovernmental anti-ragging movement;
18.Once the database/crisis hotline (as described in Recommendation No. I(x) above) is operative, State Governments shall amend their anti-ragging statutes to include provisions that place penal consequences on institutional heads;
19.A committee be appointed comprising one or more eminent psychiatrists/psychologists/mental health specialists, a documentary maker and educationalists from various fields, to (i) ascertain the psychological impact of ragging on students; (ii) to ascertain reasons and circumstances under which senior students resort to ragging; (iii) assess and quantify the impact of ragging and indiscipline on the standard of education in an institution and relate it to the existing procedures used by MCI, UGC and other regulatory bodies to assess the suitability of an institution for recognition; and (iv) recommend urgent and mandatory mental health measures to be implemented in, and practiced by school, colleges, and all educational and vocational institutions, so as to aid the occurrence of ragging. For the present following shall be members of this committee: (a) D . Shobna Sonpar, Clinical Psychologist, New Delhi; (b) Dr. Shekhar Sheshadri, Professor of Child Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore; (c) Dr. Mohan Rao, Professor of Social Sciences, JNU New Delhi; and (d) Dr. Amit Sen, Child Psychiatrist, Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science & Research, New Delhi.
20.A separate committee be constituted immediately to examine the problem of alcoholism on the RPGMC campus, and to suggest immediate de-addiction measures. The following eminent mental health experts shall be members of this committee: (a) Dr. Anju Dhawan, Associate Professor, Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; (b) Dr. Sameer Malhotra, Former Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, AIIMS, New Delhi; and (c) Dr. Prakash Saran, Associate Professor of Psychiatry, AIIMS, New Delhi.
21.In each State, Committees in the line indicated above shall be constituted to undertake the exercise detailed above.
22.Compliance reports shall be filed within four months. List after four months. (Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT) (ASOK KUMAR GANGULY) New Delhi, May 08, 2009