1. Short title.15 2. [Repeal of enactments.]5 3. Interpretation-clause.143 6. 27 7. 10 8. 74 9. Facts necessary to explain or introduce re…47 10. Things said or done by conspirator in refe…40 11. When facts not otherwise relevant become r…31 12. In suits for damages, facts tending to ena…1 13. Facts relevant when right or custom is in …18 14. Facts showing existence of state of mind, …8 15. Facts bearing on question whether act was …5 16. Existence of course of business when relev…5 17. Admission defined.27 18. Admission10 19. Admissions by persons whose position must …20. Admissions by persons expressly referred t…4 21. Proof of admissions against persons making…23 22. When oral admissions as to contents of doc…1 22A. When oral admission as to contents of elec…2 23. Admissions in civil cases when relevant.1 24. Confession caused by inducement, threat or…80 25. Confession to police-officer not to be pro…137 26. Confession by accused while in custody of …41 27. How much of information received from accu…380 28. Confession made after removal of impressio…3 29. Confession otherwise relevant not to becom…3 30. Consideration of proved confession affecti…63 31. Admissions not conclusive proof, but may e…4 32. Cases in which statement of relevant fact …158 33. Relevancy of certain evidence for proving,…23 34. Entries in books of account when relevant.15 35. Relevancy of entry in public record made i…66 36. Relevancy of statements in maps, charts an…1 37. Relevancy of statement as to fact of publi…3 38. Relevancy of statements as to any law cont…1 39. What evidence to be given when statement f…2 40. Previous judgments relevant to bar a secon…25 41. Relevancy of certain judgments in probate,…25 42. Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders …9 43. Judgments, etc., other than those mentione…17 44. Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, …17 45. Opinions of experts.60 45A. Opinion of Examiner of Electronic Evidence…3 46. Facts bearing upon opinions of experts.5 47. Opinion as to hand-writing, when relevant.10 47A. Opinion as to digital signature, when rele…48. Opinion as to existence of right or custom…4 49. Opinion as to usages, tenets, etc., when r…1 50. Opinion on relationship, when relevant.16 51. Grounds of opinion, when relevant.1 52. In civil cases character to prove conduct …1 53. In criminal cases previous good character …3 53A. Evidence of character or previous sexual e…4 54. Previous bad character not relevant, excep…4 55. Character as affecting damages.1 56. Fact judicially noticeable need not be pro…9 57. Facts of which Court must take judicial no…24 58. Facts admitted need not be proved.39 59. Proof of facts by oral evidence.9 60. Oral evidence must be direct.26 61. Proof of contents of documents.5 62. Primary evidence.19 63. Secondary evidence.33 64. Proof of documents by primary evidence.12 65. Cases in which secondary evidence relating…46 65A. Special provisions as to evidence relating…10 65B. Admissibility of electronic records.60 66. Rules as to notice to produce.3 67. Proof of signature and handwriting of pers…21 67A. Proof as to 2[electronic signature].68. Proof of execution of document required by…83 69. Proof where no attesting witness found.9 70. Admission of execution by party to atteste…71. Proof when attesting witness denies the ex…8 72. Proof of document not required by law to b…1 73. Comparison of signature, writing or seal w…38 73A. Proof as to verification of digital signat…74. Public documents.31 75. Private documents.3 76. Certified copies of public documents.12 77. Proof of documents by production of certif…6 78. Proof of other official documents.10 79. Presumption as to genuineness of certified…11 80. Presumption as to documents produced as re…4 81. Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, pr…11 81A. Presumption as to Gazettes in electronic f…82. Presumption as to document admissible in E…83. Presumption as to maps or plans made by au…8 84. Presumption as to collections of laws and …2 85. Presumption as to powers-of-attorney.3 85A. Presumption as to electronic agreements.1 85B. Presumption as to electronic records and 5…85C. Presumption as to 6[Electronic Signature C…86. 2 87. Presumption as to books, maps and charts.3 88. Presumption as to telegraphic messages.1 88A. Presumption as to electronic messages.89. Presumption as to due execution, etc., of …90. Presumption as to documents thirty years o…25 90A. Presumption as to electronic records five …1 91. Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and…50 92. Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement.48 93. Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend …3 94. Exclusion of evidence against application …6 95. Evidence as to document unmeaning in refer…5 96. Evidence as to application of language whi…2 97. Evidence as to application of language to …2 98. Evidence as to meaning of illegible charac…2 99. Who may give evidence of agreement varying…100. Saving of provisions of Indian Succession …1 101. Burden of proof.47 102. On whom burden of proof lies.12 103. Burden of proof as to particular fact.19 104. Burden of proving fact to be proved to mak…105. Burden of proving that case of accused com…73 106. Burden of proving fact especially within k…233 107. Burden of proving death of person known to…3 108. Burden of proving that person is alive who…13 109. Burden of proof as to relationship in the …3 110. Burden of proof as to ownership.20 111. Proof of good faith in transactions where …10 111A. Presumption as to certain offences.1 112. Birth during marriage, conclusive proof of…20 113. Proof of cession of territory.19 113A. Presumption as to abetment of suicide by a…76 113B. Presumption as to dowry death.128 114. Court may presume existence of certain fac…314 114A. Presumption as to absence of consent in ce…17 115. Estoppel.33 116. Estoppel of tenants and of licensee of per…46 117. Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, …118. Who may testify.28 119. Witness unable to communicate verbally.6 120. Parties to civil suit, and their wives or …4 121. Judges and Magistrates.3 122. Communications during marriage.5 123. Evidence as to affairs of State.51 124. Official communications.8 125. Information as to commission of offences.1 126. Professional communications.8 127. Section 126 to apply to interpreters, etc.1 128. Privilege not waived by volunteering evide…129. Confidential communications with legal adv…2 130. Production of title-deeds of witness not a…3 131. Production of documents or electronic reco…132. Witness not excused from answering on grou…16 133. Accomplice.37 134. Number of witnesses.43 135. Order of production and examination of wit…3 136. Judge to decide as to admissibility of evi…1 137. Examination-in-chief.12 138. Order of examinations.27 139. Cross-examination of person called to prod…12 140. Witnesses to character.1 141. Leading questions.2 142. When they must not be asked.1 143. When they may be asked.144. Evidence as to matters in writing.2 146. Questions lawful in cross-examination.15 147. When witness to be compelled to answer.1 148. Court to decide when question shall be ask…5 149. Question not to be asked without reasonabl…150. Procedure of Court in case of question bei…1 151. Indecent and scandalous questions.152. Questions intended to insult or annoy.153. Exclusion of evidence to contradict answer…4 154. Question by party to his own witness.17 155. Impeaching credit of witness.24 156. Questions tending to corroborate evidence …1 157. Former statements of witness may be proved…47 158. What matters may be proved in connection w…1 159. Refreshing memory.7 160. Testimony to facts stated in document ment…2 162. Production of documents.9 163. Giving, as evidence, of document called fo…2 164. Using, as evidence, of document production…8 165. Judge’s power to put questions or order pr…50 166. Power of jury or assessors to put question…1 167. No new trial for improper admission or rej…2

Evidence Act View entire act

61. Proof of contents of documents.

5 judgments cite this provision SC

– The contents of documents may be proved either by primary or by secondary evidence.

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